Dynamics of Coastal Aquifers: Conceptualization and Steady-State Calibration of Multilayer Aquifer System—Southern Coast of Emilia Romagna

Worldwide, coastal aquifers have been heavily exploited by socio economic activities for several decades, and climate change sea level rise also threatening aquifers. The authorities policymakers advised to find the solutions in order achieve sustainable water resources management. southern part of Po delta, Italy is a low-lying area experiencing tectonic activity. Along with topography, unstable shore line level, groundwater this deltaic multilayered system Hence, multilayer three-dimensional model aquifer has allowed investigation response natural anthropogenic exploitation. present work regards conceptualization using lithological cross-sections, surface features, appropriate boundary conditions steady-state flow modelling. spatially distributed elevations table piezometric head from different calibrated. values error statistics at satisfactory range, such as R-squared, mean error, root-mean-squared efficiency, confirm that developed reliable, calibration obtained good match between observed simulated data. can be used decision-making tool plan